Vegetable Shade Net Improves Microclimate in the Field

2021-08-15

With the expansion of cultivation areas in winter and spring and the improvement of cultivation techniques, the supply of vegetables in the off-season in winter and spring is better resolved. However, due to the high temperature, strong sunshine and rainfall concentration in summer, the normal growth and development of vegetables are affected, causing the problem of vegetables in the off-season in summer is still more prominent. The cultivation techniques of summer facilities such as vegetable shade nets and weatherproof canopies effectively alleviate this contradiction, and thus can obtain significant economic benefits.

Vegetable shade net cover cultivation

Improve the microclimate of vegetables in the field

1. Significantly reduce air temperature, ground temperature and light intensity After covering with a black shading net, the daily average temperature of the cultivated beds decreased by 1. 4°C, the average temperature of 5 cm decreased by 2.1°C, the average temperature of 10 cm decreased by 2.13°C, and the light intensity The average reduction of 66.2%. Covered with silver-grey shade nets, the average daily temperature decreased by 1.17°C, the average temperature of 5 cm decreased by 1.8°C, the average temperature of 10 cm decreased by 1. 6°C, and the light intensity decreased by 33.5% on average.

2. The effect of anti-torrential rain Because of the high mechanical strength of the sunshade nets, it can effectively relieve the mechanical damage caused by rainstorms to the vegetables and prevent soil compaction and seedling down and raining after the rain. According to the survey, the arched circular greenhouses cover the shade nets, which can reduce the impact of heavy rain on the ground to 1/50, and the precipitation in the sheds by 13.29% to 22.83%.

Coverage cultivation technology

1. Choose shade net according to local conditions. According to different vegetable types, different seasons, different cultivation purposes, combined with local temperature and light conditions, choose shade nets of different colors and different types.

For the cultivation and cultivation of solanaceous and melon vegetables, and the cultivation of vegetables such as cabbage, cabbage, and ginger, shades of silver-gray shading with a low shading rate should be used; crops that are resistant to shade and light, such as celery, alfalfa, and edible fungi, should be used. Select black shade nets; where locusts and virus diseases are severe, choose silver-gray shade nets.

2. Grasp the appropriate sowing period and cover period. Vegetables are cultivated in early autumn vegetables. Exposure is generally done in mid-August and in mid-August. Coverage is covered by shade nets. Seedlings can be advanced to the upper and middle of July. After the planting, they are covered with floating surfaces and used after emergence. Small sheds or small covered sheds. Cabbage, Cabbage and Solanum vegetables during the nursery generally cover 15 days to 20 days, in the 7 days to 10 days before planting exposing net hardening; celery, alfalfa and Other shade-tolerant crops, nursery and cultivation can be covered in the early stage; summer cabbage Vegetables, cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetable seedlings were sown in late June. Silver-gray shade nets could be covered throughout the seedling period.

3. Coverage Shade net cover methods mainly include floating surface cover and scaffold cover.

After the general sowing, the surface of the floating surface can be covered before emergence and covered with a scaffold after emergence. It can also be directly covered by shelters in winter and spring protected areas. If greenhouse cucumbers are sown with celery or a small arch shed and sown after harvesting, shade nets can be covered directly on the scaffold after sowing.

4. Coverage method Before covering the sunshade net, cut horizontally according to the length of the shed. When cutting, it is best to use a soldering iron to make the two ends loose. Then, splicing according to the width of the shed and using a nylon thread to sew the two edges. together. The smaller the number of stitching the better, to facilitate the exposing network.

After the sunshade nets are spliced, they can be covered on the scaffolds. When they are covered, they must be covered and not covered. The edges of the scaffoldings should be kept between 1 m and 1.5 m without covering in order to facilitate ventilation and looseness. After covering, fix it with a film rope.

The use of floating surface coverage also presses the net so as not to scratch the net.

5, to strengthen the management of coverage period In order to give full play to the shading net shading, cooling, anti-rainstorm effect, it should be timely and open Qin Qin cover, that is sunny cover, cloudy exposing; heavy rain cover, light rain cover; light cover, light weak cover Before the emergence of all-day coverage, after the emergence of timely uncovering; weather dry heat, plant growth and aging to cover more and less exposure, morning and evening light is insufficient, should promptly uncover the net, to avoid plant leggy; hi light vegetables to expose more cover, The shade-tolerant vegetables should cover more. The weather is usually covered with nets from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m. on the sunny days and from 3 p.m. to 4 p.m. in the afternoon. Do not cover it in the end. At the same time, due to the improvement of the microclimate environment after the shade nets are covered, the growth and development of vegetables is accelerated, the management of fertilizer and water must be kept up, and pests and diseases must be prevented and treated in a timely manner.

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